Many applications have multiple paths to ground across the system. However, these ground paths can be the source of interference. The interference (called ground loop interference or a ground loop) is created when two or more devices in the same circuit have different ground potentials with respect to one another. Ground loop interference and shifting grounds can cause a variety of issues such as errors in data transmission or signal loss. The interference can even create a risk of electrical shock that can be hazardous to people or damage equipment in high-voltage applications.

While there are several methods of handling this interference, isolation is a common way to break the ground loop and eliminate the problem. The ISOUSB211 is an isolated USB 2.0 compliant repeater that can be used to isolate grounds and protect people and equipment.