DATA SHEET
TPS6040x-Q1 Unregulated 60-mA Charge Pump Voltage Inverter
1 Features
- Qualified for Automotive Applications
- AEC-Q100 Test Guidance With the Following Results:
- Device Temperature Grade 1: –40°C to +125°C Ambient Operating Temperature Range
- Device HBM ESD Classification Level 2
- Device CDM ESD Classification Level C6
- Inverts Input Supply Voltage
- Up to 60-mA Output Current
- Only Three Small 1-µF Ceramic Capacitors Needed
- Input Voltage Range From 1.8 V to 5.25 V
- PowerSave-Mode for Improved Efficiency at Low Output Currents (TPS60400-Q1)
- Device Quiescent Current Typical: 100 µA
- Integrated Active Schottky-Diode for Start-Up Into Load
- Small 5-Pin SOT23 Package
- Evaluation Module Available: TPS60400EVM-178
2 Applications
- Automotive Infotainment
- Automotive Cluster
- LCD Displays
- Negative Supply Voltages
3 Description
The TPS6040x-Q1 family of devices generate an unregulated negative output voltage from an input voltage ranging from 1.8 V to 5.25 V. The devices are typically supplied by a preregulated supply rail of 5 V or 3.3 V. Due to its wide-input voltage range, two or three NiCd, NiMH, or alkaline battery cells, as well as one Li-Ion cell, can also power them.
Only three external 1-μF capacitors are required to build a complete DC-DC charge pump inverter. Assembled in a 5-pin SOT-23 package, the complete converter can be built on a 50-mm2 board area. Replacing the Schottky diode typically needed for start-up into load with integrated circuitry can achieve additional board area and component count reduction.
The TPS6040x-Q1 can deliver a maximum output current of 60 mA, with a typical conversion efficiency of greater than 90% over a wide output current range. Three device options TPS60401/2/3-Q1 with 20-kHz, 50-kHz, and 250-kHz fixed frequency operation are available. TPS60400-Q1 device comes with a variable switching frequency to reduce operating current in applications with a wide load range and enables the design with low-value capacitors.
Device Information(1)
| PART NUMBER | PACKAGE | BODY SIZE (NOM) |
|---|---|---|
| TPS6040x-Q1 | SOT-23 (5) | 2.80 mm × 2.90 mm |
- For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at the end of the data sheet.
Typical Application Circuit
Output Voltage vs Input Voltage
4 Revision History
Changes from A Revision (June 2008) to B Revision
- Added Device Information table, ESD Ratings table, Feature Description section, Device Functional Modes, Application and Implementation section, Power Supply Recommendations section, Layout section, Device and Documentation Support section, and Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information sectionGo
- Changed TPS6040x to TPS6040x-Q1 throughout document Go
- Added AEC-Q100 Test Guidance bulletsGo
- Changed Input voltage range throughout document to 1.8 V to 5.25 VGo
- Changed input voltage 5.5 V to 5.25 V.Go
- Added device options TPS60401/2/3-Q1 Go
- Deleted Available Options table and moved device family products section and renamed to Device Comparison TableGo
- Changed reference to Thermal Information Go
- Deleted Machine model (MM) from ESD Ratings tableGo
- Added table note to reference values Go
- Deleted Dissipation Ratings section and replaced with Thermal Information tableGo
- Changed Figure 1 and Figure 2 Output Current limit to 60 mA Go
- Split equation (1) into two separate numbered equations Go
- Moved equation definitions to corresponding equation Go
- Deleted Voltage Inverter title Go
- Deleted Table 4 and Table 5 manufacturer part information Go
- Moved Figure 21 and 22 to Application Curves sectionGo
5 Device Comparison Table
| PART NUMBER | TYPICAL FLYING CAPACITOR (µF) | FEATURE |
|---|---|---|
| TPS60400-Q1 | 1 | Variable switching frequency 50 kHz to 250 kHz |
| TPS60401-Q1 | 10 | Fixed frequency 20 kHz |
| TPS60402-Q1 | 3.3 | Fixed frequency 50 kHz |
| TPS60403-Q1 | 1 | Fixed frequency 250 kHz |
6 Pin Configuration and Functions
DBV Package
5-Pin SOT-23
Top View
Pin Functions
| PIN | I/O | DESCRIPTION | |
|---|---|---|---|
| NAME | NO. | ||
| CFLY+ | 5 | I | Positive terminal of the flying capacitor C(fly) |
| CFLY– | 3 | I | Negative terminal of the flying capacitor C(fly) |
| GND | 4 | GND | Ground |
| IN | 2 | PWR | Supply input. Connect to an input supply in the 1.8-V to 5.25-V range. Bypass IN to GND with a capacitor that has the same value as the flying capacitor. |
| OUT | 1 | O | Power output with VO = –VI
Bypass OUT to GND with the output filter capacitor CO. |
7 Specifications
7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)(1)| MIN | MAX | UNIT | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Voltage range | IN to GND | –0.3 | 5.5 | V |
| OUT to GND | –5 | 0.3 | ||
| CFLY– to GND | 0.3 | VO – 0.3 | ||
| CFLY+ to GND | –0.3 | VI + 0.3 | ||
| Continuous power dissipation | See Thermal Information | |||
| Continuous output current | 80 | mA | ||
| Maximum junction temperature, TJ | 150 | °C | ||
| Storage temperature, Tstg | –55 | 150 | °C | |
(1) Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
7.2 ESD Ratings
| VALUE | UNIT | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| V(ESD) | Electrostatic discharge | Human-body model (HBM), per AEC Q100-002(1) | ±2000 | V |
| Charged-device model (CDM), per AEC Q100-011 | ±1000 | |||
(1) AEC Q100-002 indicates that HBM stressing shall be in accordance with the ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001 specification.
7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)| MIN | NOM | MAX | UNIT | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VI | Input voltage | 1.8 | 5.25 | V | |
| IO | Output current at OUT | 60 | mA | ||
| CI | Input capacitor | 0 | C(fly)(1) | µF | |
| C(fly) | Flying capacitor | 1 | µF | ||
| CO | Output capacitor | 1 | 100 | µF | |
| TJ | Operating junction temperature | –40 | 125 | °C | |
(1) Refer to Device Comparison Table for Cfly values
7.4 Thermal Information
| THERMAL METRIC(1) | TPS6040x-Q1 | UNIT | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DBV (SOT-25) | |||
| 5 PINS | |||
| RθJA | Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance | 221.2 | °C/W |
| RθJC(top) | Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance | 81.9 | °C/W |
| RθJB | Junction-to-board thermal resistance | 39.8 | °C/W |
| ψJT | Junction-to-top characterization parameter | 3.3 | °C/W |
| ψJB | Junction-to-board characterization parameter | 38.9 | °C/W |
| RθJC(bot) | Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance | N/A | °C/W |
(1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics.
7.5 Electrical Characteristics
CI = C(fly) = CO (according to Table 2), TJ = –40°C to 125°C, and VI = 5 V over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)| PARAMETER | TEST CONDITIONS | MIN | TYP | MAX | UNIT | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VI | Supply voltage range | At TJ = –40°C to 125°C, RL = 5 kΩ | 1.8 | 5.25 | V | ||
| At TC ≥ 0°C, RL = 5 kΩ | 1.6 | ||||||
| IO | Maximum output current at VO | 60 | mA | ||||
| VO | Output voltage | –VI | V | ||||
| VP–P | Output voltage ripple | IO = 5 mA | TPS60400-Q1, C(fly) = 1 µF, CO = 2.2 µF |
35 | mVP–P | ||
| TPS60401-Q1, C(fly) = CO = 10 µF |
20 | ||||||
| TPS60402-Q1, C(fly) = CO = 3.3 µF |
20 | ||||||
| TPS60403-Q1, C(fly) = CO = 1 µF |
15 | ||||||
| IQ | Quiescent current (no-load input current) |
VI = 5 V | TPS60400-Q1 | 125 | 270 | µA | |
| TPS60401-Q1 | 65 | 190 | |||||
| TPS60402-Q1 | 120 | 270 | |||||
| TPS60403-Q1 | 425 | 700 | |||||
| TJ = 60°C, VI = 5 V |
TPS60400-Q1 | 210 | |||||
| TPS60401-Q1 | 135 | ||||||
| TPS60402-Q1 | 210 | ||||||
| TPS60403-Q1 | 640 | ||||||
| fOSC | Internal switching frequency | TPS60400-Q1, VCO version | 25 | 50 to 250 | 375 | kHz | |
| TPS60401-Q1 | 10 | 20 | 30 | ||||
| TPS60402-Q1 | 25 | 50 | 75 | ||||
| TPS60403-Q1 | 115 | 250 | 325 | ||||
| Impedance at 25°C, VI = 5 V | TPS60400-Q1, CI = C(fly) = CO = 1 µF | 12 | 15 | Ω | |||
| TPS60401-Q1, CI = C(fly) = CO = 10 µF | 12 | 15 | |||||
| TPS60402-Q1, CI = C(fly) = CO = 3.3 µF | 12 | 15 | |||||
| TPS60403-Q1, CI = C(fly) = CO = 1 µF | 12 | 15 | |||||
7.6 Typical Characteristics
Table 1. Table of Graphs
| FIGURE | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| η | Efficiency | vs Output current at 3.3 V and 5 V (TPS6040x-Q1) | Figure 1, Figure 2 |
| II | Input current | vs Output current (TPS6040x-Q1) | Figure 3, Figure 4 |
| IS | Supply current | vs Input voltage (TPS6040x-Q1) | Figure 5, Figure 6 |
| Output resistance | vs Input voltage at –40°C, 0°C, 25°C, 85°C CI = C(fly) = CO = 1 µF (TPS60400-Q1) CI = C(fly) = CO = 10 µF (TPS60401-Q1) CI = C(fly) = CO = 3.3 µF (TPS60402-Q1) CI = C(fly) = CO = 1 µF (TPS60403-Q1) |
Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 9, Figure 10 | |
| VO | Output voltage | vs Output current at 25°C, VIN = 1.8 V, 2.5 V, 3.3 V, 5 V CI = C(fly) = CO = 1 µF (TPS60400-Q1) CI = C(fly) = CO = 10 µF (TPS60401-Q1) CI = C(fly) = CO = 3.3 µF (TPS60402-Q1) CI = C(fly) = CO = 1 µF (TPS60403-Q1) |
Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 14 |
| fOSC | Oscillator frequency | vs Temperature at VI = 1.8 V, 2.5 V, 3.3 V, 5 V (TPS6040x-Q1) | Figure 15, Figure 16, Figure 17, Figure 18 |
| vs Output current TPS60400 at 2 V, 3.3 V, 5 V | Figure 19 | ||
| Output ripple and noise | VI = 5 V, IO = 30 mA, CI = C(fly) = CO = 1 µF (TPS60400-Q1) VI = 5 V, IO = 30 mA, CI = C(fly) = CO = 10 µF (TPS60401-Q1) VI = 5 V, IO = 30 mA, CI = C(fly) = CO = 3.3 µF (TPS60402-Q1) VI = 5 V, IO = 30 mA, CI = C(fly) = CO = 1 µF (TPS60403-Q1) |
Figure 24, Figure 25 | |
Input Current vs Output Current
Supply Current vs Input Voltage
vs Input Voltage
vs Input Voltage
vs Output Current
vs Output Current
vs Free-Air Temperature
vs Free-Air Temperature
vs Output Current
Efficiency vs Output Current
Input Current vs Output Current
Supply Current vs Input Voltage
vs Input Voltage
vs Input Voltage
vs Output Current
vs Output Current
vs Free-Air Temperature
vs Free-Air Temperature